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How frogs use their unique skeletal anatomy to improve their jumping ability
新月直播淲e are particularly excited about this study because we think our methods open new doors for exploring how specific anatomical features affect animal locomotion.新月直播�
Dr Christopher Richards, Research Fellow in Paleorobotics at the RVC
As well as their long legs,
a particularly striking feature of a frog新月直播檚 skeletal anatomy is a sharp bend in their
lower back. Underlying this bend is
the ilio-sacral (IS) joint 新月直播� a hinge-like pivot which allows the frog to control the angle between its upper and lower body. The IS joint is folded when a frog is sitting at rest to allow the frog to crouch closely to its perch.
During the explosive early moments of a jump, a frog新月直播檚 muscles extend the IS joint to rapidly straighten its back. Biologists previously believed the IS hinge was an essential part of the anatomy, allowing a force transfer between the upper and lower body of the frog which enabled the jump.
However, the recent RVC study was able to show that, contrary to prior understanding, this IS extension is not
required for jumping but more of an evolutionary innovation for fine-tuning a frog新月直播檚 jump performance.
The research team, which consisted
of Dr Christopher Richards, Dr Amber Collings and Enrico Eberhard, developed a simulation of a frog jumping using 3D computer technology. This simulation model was unique because it allowed the researchers to calculate the frog新月直播檚 push off from the ground, rather than directly measuring it. From further analysis
the team were also able to isolate the influence of the IS joint by changing its action, whilst maintaining the consistency of all other body motions.
This research, which was funded by a European Research Council Starting Grant, was published in Royal Society新月直播檚 Biology Letters in September. The article is entitled: 新月直播楾he dynamic role of the ilio-sacral joint in jumping frogs新月直播�.
Dr Richards, Research Fellow in Paleorobotics at the RVC, said: 新月直播淲e are particularly excited about this study because we think our methods open new doors for exploring how specific anatomical features affect animal locomotion.新月直播�
RESEARCH NEWS
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